Buying Guide for the Best Turntable Cartridges
Choosing the right turntable cartridge is essential for getting the best sound quality from your vinyl records. The cartridge is the part of your turntable that holds the stylus (needle) and converts the grooves in your records into electrical signals. The right cartridge can make a big difference in how your music sounds, so it's important to understand the key features and how they relate to your listening habits and equipment.Cartridge Type (Moving Magnet vs. Moving Coil)There are two main types of cartridges: moving magnet (MM) and moving coil (MC). Moving magnet cartridges are more common, easier to replace, and generally compatible with most turntables and phono preamps. They tend to have a warmer, more forgiving sound and are a good choice for casual listeners or those new to vinyl. Moving coil cartridges are often favored by audiophiles for their detailed and accurate sound, but they can be more expensive and may require a special preamp. If you want simplicity and easy upgrades, MM is a safe bet. If you’re seeking the highest sound quality and are willing to invest in compatible equipment, MC might be right for you.
Stylus ShapeThe stylus, or needle, comes in different shapes such as conical, elliptical, and more advanced profiles like microline or Shibata. Conical styli are the most basic and durable, making them suitable for casual listening and older records. Elliptical styli offer better contact with the record groove, resulting in improved sound quality and detail, making them a good middle ground. Advanced shapes like microline or Shibata provide the highest fidelity and track the grooves more precisely, but they can be more delicate and expensive. Choose a stylus shape based on how critical you are about sound quality and how carefully you handle your records.
Tracking ForceTracking force is the amount of pressure the stylus applies to the record. Too much force can wear out your records and stylus faster, while too little can cause skipping or poor sound. Most cartridges specify an optimal tracking force range, usually between 1 and 3 grams. Lighter tracking forces are gentler on records but require a well-set-up turntable. Heavier forces can be more forgiving of imperfect setups but may cause more wear. Pick a cartridge with a tracking force that matches your turntable’s tonearm and your willingness to fine-tune the setup.
Output LevelCartridges produce different output levels, measured in millivolts (mV). Moving magnet cartridges typically have higher output, making them compatible with most standard phono inputs. Moving coil cartridges often have lower output and may need a special preamp or step-up transformer. If you want plug-and-play convenience, a higher output cartridge is easier to match with most equipment. If you’re building a high-end system and have the right preamp, a lower output cartridge can offer better sound quality.
Compatibility (Mount Type and Weight)Cartridges come in different mounting styles, such as standard half-inch mount or P-mount. It’s important to choose a cartridge that fits your turntable’s tonearm. Additionally, the weight of the cartridge should be compatible with your tonearm’s balance and counterweight range. Check your turntable’s manual to see what type and weight of cartridge it supports. Picking the right mount and weight ensures easy installation and optimal performance.